Low-UWB Directive Antenna for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Localization

A novel UWB antenna working in the 805.15.6 low-UWB region is proposed in this chapter. The antenna is targeted for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) localization. Simulation results show that the antenna performs well at 4 GHz with a 500 MHz bandwidth which is compliant with the IEEE 802.15.6 standard for Body Area Networks (BAN). A preliminary study on the single antenna performance is presented first, followed by the introduction of the box-shaped cavity version of the antenna structure. Both types of antenna are directional with high gain. To investigate WCE applications, the cavity antenna in proximity of a multi-layer model emulating human body tissues properties at 4 GHz was also simulated.