Noninvasive and Quantitative Brain Temperature Monitoring Using Wearable Microwave Technique

A non-invasive and quantitative microwave method and setup for brain temperature monitoring is proposed in this study. The proposed microwave setup is suitable for wearable devices and prolonged usage without compromising the subject’s comfort. The proposed method is carefully devised for accurate measurements based on two-level feature extraction and is independent of the microwave sensor. A unique dataset creation module and Ordered Selection Scheme (OSS) based on correlation analysis are proposed to ensure real-time operation with a lightweight algorithm. Finally, the quantitative method is devised using weighted regression analysis on signal attributes selected using OSS. Six thin, small, lightweight microwave sensors are evaluated with different placement strategies for brain temperature monitoring. A realistic phantom model is developed exclusively to test the proposed microwave method and sensors. The dynamic phantom model mimics the dielectric properties of a human head. The correlation and regression analysis performed on data collected from numerous trials showcase that the proposed microwave system can detect minute changes in brain temperature, and its response is analogous to temperature values measured by invasive sensors.